Challenges and Opportunities of 5G Integration in Bangladesh: Impacts on Education, Research, Business, and Healthcare

Pranto Halder; Md Sydul Islam

doi:10.5455/EJCSI.20251026083831

Abstract
Background: 5G has been officially launched in Bangladesh but remains limited to pilot zones (mainly Dhaka), while nationwide mobile broadband demand continues to grow. This study examines the prospects and constraints of 5G adoption in Bangladesh and maps likely sectoral implications for education, research, business, and healthcare.

Methods: An exploratory research design was employed using secondary datasets from the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC), the World Bank, and a University of Minnesota (Twin Cities) measurement dataset. IBM SPSS Statistics 25 and Python 3.6.9 were used for correlation analysis and feature-based visualizations to interpret relationships between key network features and performance indicators.

Results: Throughput shows a positive association with 5G radio type (Pearson 0.669, Kendall 0.492) and with web protocol (Pearson 0.758, Kendall 0.653). Throughput decreases with distance (Pearson −0.85), orientation (Pearson −0.782), NLOS effects (with multipath Pearson −0.533, without multipath Pearson −0.678), and server-type differences (Pearson −0.787), highlighting mmWave sensitivity to propagation and deployment conditions.

Conclusion: While 5G can enable high data rate and low-latency services relevant to key sectors, successful nationwide impact in Bangladesh depends on mitigating mmWave limitations, strengthening infrastructure readiness, and addressing cost, security, and policy coordination across stakeholders.

Key words: Keywords: 5G technology, Internet of Things, Mobile Communications, Cellular Network, TCP protocol