Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital

Olatubosun Ilesanmi; Oluwatope Godwin Ilesanmi; Oluwakemisola Adenugba Terka

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101

J Pub Health Comm Med. 2026; 5(4): 318-329

doi: 10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101

Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital

Olatubosun Ilesanmi, Oluwatope Godwin Ilesanmi, Oluwakemisola Adenugba Terka.

Abstract
Aim: To evaluate serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), serum iron, and anion gap in Hepatitis B virus (HBV) positive patients attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, and to identify biochemical parameters useful for early clinical monitoring.
Methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted in 2025 involving 100 participants (50 HBV-positive subjects and 50 age- and sex-matched controls). Venous blood was collected into lithium heparin bottles, centrifuged, and plasma analysed for serum iron (spectrophotometry at 560 nm), TAC (phosphomolybdenum assay at 695 nm), and electrolytes (ion-selective electrode) for anion gap calculation. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20; significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: No significant difference was observed in anion gap (6.66 ± 1.30 vs. 6.64 ± 1.36 mmol/L; p = 0.934) or TAC (40.23 ± 25.71% vs. 46.05 ± 27.55%; p = 0.277) between HBV-positive subjects and controls. Serum iron was significantly elevated in HBV-positive subjects (47.77 ± 21.25 vs. 7.43 ± 5.12 µg/dL; p < 0.001), a 6.4-fold increase. Female and younger HBV-positive subjects exhibited the highest serum iron concentrations.
Conclusions: HBV infection is associated with marked serum iron elevation, indicating altered iron metabolism, while anion gap and TAC remain largely preserved at this disease stage. Routine serum iron monitoring may aid clinical assessment of HBV-infected patients.

Key words: Hepatitis B; Total Antioxidant Status; Serum Iron; Anion Gap; Oxidative Stress; Nigeria.

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Ilesanmi O, Ilesanmi OG, Terka OA. Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. J Pub Health Comm Med. 2026; 5(4): 318-329.

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101

Web Style

Ilesanmi O, Ilesanmi OG, Terka OA. Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. https://www.wisdomgale.com/jphcm/?mno=328758 [Access: October 25, 2026].

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ilesanmi O, Ilesanmi OG, Terka OA. Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. J Pub Health Comm Med. 2026; 5(4): 318-329.

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ilesanmi O, Ilesanmi OG, Terka OA. Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. J Pub Health Comm Med. (2026), [cited October 25, 2026]; 5(4): 318-329.

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101

Harvard Style

Ilesanmi, O., Ilesanmi, . O. G. & Terka, . O. A. (2026) Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. J Pub Health Comm Med, 5 (4), 318-329.

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101

Turabian Style

Ilesanmi, Olatubosun, Oluwatope Godwin Ilesanmi, and Oluwakemisola Adenugba Terka. 2026. Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine, 5 (4), 318-329.

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101

Chicago Style

Ilesanmi, Olatubosun, Oluwatope Godwin Ilesanmi, and Oluwakemisola Adenugba Terka. "Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital." Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine 5 (2026), 318-329.

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ilesanmi, Olatubosun, Oluwatope Godwin Ilesanmi, and Oluwakemisola Adenugba Terka. "Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital." Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine 5.4 (2026), 318-329. Print.

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ilesanmi, O., Ilesanmi, . O. G. & Terka, . O. A. (2026) Evaluation of Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Serum Iron and Anion Gap in Hepatitis B Positive Patients Attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. Journal of Public Health and Community Medicine, 5 (4), 318-329.

doi:10.5455/JPHCM.20260723014101