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2025, Vol: 2, Issue: 2
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Original Article
Online Published: 31 Mar 2025
 


Contribution to the Safety Assessment of Hair Straightening Products: Validation and Application of a Fast and Reliable Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde

Manuela Sierra-luján, Sara Juliana Carrillo-vásquez, Juan Camilo Mejía-giraldo.


Abstract
Aim/background: Formaldehyde is a high reactive, flammable and low molecular weight substance, which has been classified as carcinogen (1B category) by different international entities; for this reason, European Commission have included it in the II annex (List of Substances Prohibited in Cosmetic Products) at the Cosmetic Ingredient Database (CosIng). Despite the risks associated with its use, formaldehyde has been detected as an active ingredient in hair straightening products due to its physicochemical properties, which allow it to modify the internal structure of the hair, achieving straight hair quickly, with good results, and at a very low cost. Methods: In this sense, the method applied in this research was based on the principle of spectrophotometric quantification, in which formaldehyde reacts with Nash’s reagent to form a colored compound called 3,5-diacetyl-1,4-dihydrolutidine (DDL). The method was validated by evaluating selectivity, linearity, LOD (Limit of Detection), LOQ (Limit of Quantification), accuracy, precision, and robustness, Results: It was possible to demonstrate that the method is selective, linear, precise, accurate, and robust within a concentration range of 0.019–2.5 ppm. Subsequently, the method was used to determine and quantify formaldehyde in 10 hair straightening products marketed in Medellín, Colombia, revealing the presence of formaldehyde in samples C and D, with 4.41 ± 0.41% and 4.99 ± 0.37%, respectively. Conclusion: While most of the evaluated products comply with the established regulations, continuous monitoring is necessary to ensure safety and prevent the commercialization of products that may pose a health risk.

Key words: Chemical analysis, Safety testing, Formaldehyde, hair straighteners, spectrophotometry, validation


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Sierra-luján M, Carrillo-vásquez SJ, Mejía-giraldo JC. Contribution to the Safety Assessment of Hair Straightening Products: Validation and Application of a Fast and Reliable Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde. J Pharmacol Pharm Res. 2025; 2(2): 30-41. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20250121052651

Web Style

Sierra-luján M, Carrillo-vásquez SJ, Mejía-giraldo JC. Contribution to the Safety Assessment of Hair Straightening Products: Validation and Application of a Fast and Reliable Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde. https://www.wisdomgale.com/jppr/?mno=239056 [Access: April 11, 2025]. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20250121052651

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Sierra-luján M, Carrillo-vásquez SJ, Mejía-giraldo JC. Contribution to the Safety Assessment of Hair Straightening Products: Validation and Application of a Fast and Reliable Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde. J Pharmacol Pharm Res. 2025; 2(2): 30-41. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20250121052651


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Sierra-luján M, Carrillo-vásquez SJ, Mejía-giraldo JC. Contribution to the Safety Assessment of Hair Straightening Products: Validation and Application of a Fast and Reliable Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde. J Pharmacol Pharm Res. (2025), [cited April 11, 2025]; 2(2): 30-41. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20250121052651


Harvard Style

Sierra-luján, M., Carrillo-vásquez, . S. J. & Mejía-giraldo, . J. C. (2025) Contribution to the Safety Assessment of Hair Straightening Products: Validation and Application of a Fast and Reliable Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde. J Pharmacol Pharm Res, 2 (2), 30-41. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20250121052651


Turabian Style

Sierra-luján, Manuela, Sara Juliana Carrillo-vásquez, and Juan Camilo Mejía-giraldo. 2025. Contribution to the Safety Assessment of Hair Straightening Products: Validation and Application of a Fast and Reliable Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde. Journal of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Research, 2 (2), 30-41. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20250121052651


Chicago Style

Sierra-luján, Manuela, Sara Juliana Carrillo-vásquez, and Juan Camilo Mejía-giraldo. "Contribution to the Safety Assessment of Hair Straightening Products: Validation and Application of a Fast and Reliable Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde." Journal of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Research 2 (2025), 30-41. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20250121052651


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Sierra-luján, Manuela, Sara Juliana Carrillo-vásquez, and Juan Camilo Mejía-giraldo. "Contribution to the Safety Assessment of Hair Straightening Products: Validation and Application of a Fast and Reliable Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde." Journal of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Research 2.2 (2025), 30-41. Print. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20250121052651


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Sierra-luján, M., Carrillo-vásquez, . S. J. & Mejía-giraldo, . J. C. (2025) Contribution to the Safety Assessment of Hair Straightening Products: Validation and Application of a Fast and Reliable Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde. Journal of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Research, 2 (2), 30-41. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20250121052651


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